- Cloud platforms
- AWS (EC2, EKS, ECR, Lambda, RDS, Aurora, DynamoDB, S3, VPC, IAM, CloudWatch,
Step Functions, Organizations and SCPs, Control Tower, CloudFront, Route 53) ·
Azure (VMs, AKS, Storage, Monitor, Azure DevOps, Entra ID, Azure Policy) ·
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure · Compute Cloud@Customer ·
Google Cloud (GCP, GKE, IAM, Security Command Center, Cloud Armor) · SAP BTP and HANA Cloud
- Containers & orchestration
- Kubernetes · Docker · EKS · AKS · OKE · GKE · ECS · Fargate · OpenShift · Rancher ·
Gardener · Kyma · Helm · Istio · Cilium · OPA Gatekeeper and admission control ·
Falco · Pod Security Standards · microservices architecture
- Infrastructure as code
- Terraform (modules, remote state, multi-environment) · Ansible · AWS CloudFormation ·
AWS CDK · immutable infrastructure · configuration drift elimination
- CI/CD & delivery
- Azure Pipelines · Jenkins · GitHub Actions · GitLab CI · AWS CodePipeline ·
OCI DevOps · ArgoCD and GitOps · GitFlow · progressive delivery · deployment automation
- Observability
- Prometheus · Grafana · Loki · ELK and Elasticsearch · Kibana · CloudWatch ·
AWS X-Ray · OpenSearch · Azure Monitor · SLI and SLO instrumentation
- Identity & access
- IAM and least privilege · role-based access control · Kubernetes RBAC ·
OAuth 2.0, OIDC and SAML federation · SSO, SCIM provisioning and strong MFA ·
Microsoft Entra ID · Auth0 and JWT · X.509 certificates and PKI ·
mutual TLS between services · Zero Trust principles ·
time-bound audited privilege elevation · joiner-mover-leaver access including contractors ·
access review and permission governance
- Secrets, crypto & network
- HashiCorp Vault and dynamic secrets · AWS KMS and Secrets Manager · OCI Vault ·
certificate lifecycle and key rotation · encryption at rest and in transit ·
vulnerability scanning and remediation · VPC, VNet and VCN design · ALB and NLB ·
NGINX · HAProxy · security groups, NSGs and NACLs · AWS WAF and CloudFront · DNS
- Application security & testing
- OWASP Top 10 and OWASP API Security Top 10 · web and API penetration testing ·
Burp Suite · OWASP ZAP · SAST, DAST and SCA · SonarQube · Trivy ·
AI-assisted secure code review · SQL injection · XSS · CSRF · broken authentication and authorization fixes ·
external pentests and bug bounty programmes
- Detection & response
- security log centralisation · actionable alerting · Microsoft Sentinel · Splunk · ELK ·
AWS GuardDuty · AWS Security Hub · AWS Config · CloudTrail and Macie · Microsoft Defender for Cloud ·
OCI Cloud Guard · incidents run from detection and containment to fix and post-mortem ·
MITRE ATT&CK
- Abuse & fraud protection
- credential stuffing, account takeover and card-testing defences ·
mass sign-up and scraping protection · WAF rules · rate limiting · bot management ·
CDN and DDoS protection · brute-force protection in Auth0 · anomaly detection
- Endpoints & zero trust
- Zero Trust (NIST SP 800-207) · microsegmentation · identity-based access to critical tools ·
MDM with Jamf and Microsoft Intune · endpoint encryption · patch management ·
Mac fleets · Linux hardening and patching
- Frameworks & compliance
- CIS Benchmarks (AWS, Azure, Kubernetes, Linux) · NIST CSF · NIST SP 800-53 ·
ISO/IEC 27001 and 27005 · SOC 2 · PCI DSS · GDPR · OWASP ASVS ·
CSA Cloud Controls Matrix · SLSA · audit evidence · security awareness and phishing exercises
- Data & streaming
- Kafka and event-driven architecture · Kinesis · SQS and SNS · RDS (MySQL, PostgreSQL) ·
Aurora · DynamoDB · MongoDB · Redis · S3 and Azure Blob · high-throughput ingestion pipelines
- Compute & virtualisation
- VMware and on-premises estates · KVM · NVIDIA GPU shapes · HPC and bare metal ·
capacity planning · hybrid connectivity · datacenter operations
- Programming & scripting
- Python · Golang · Bash · PowerShell · Java · Node.js · React and Next.js